Which topology typically experiences issues if one node fails?

In a ring topology, each node is connected to two other nodes, forming a circular pathway for data. This structure means that data travels in one direction from node to node, and if one node fails, it can disrupt the entire network. Since the data packets cannot reach their destination without going through the failed node, the failure creates a break in the communication cycle, rendering the network inoperable until the issue is resolved.

In contrast, mesh topology offers multiple redundant paths for data transmission, so the failure of one node typically does not affect the overall network connectivity. Similarly, star topology has a central hub or switch; while the failure of that central device can disrupt the entire network, the individual nodes remain intact and connected to the hub independently. This design minimizes the impact of single node failures, allowing the rest of the network to function normally.

Thus, the ring topology is particularly susceptible to problems if one node is non-functional, making it the answer to the question.